Blockchain configuration history for vehicle maintenance, modification, and activity tracking

ABSTRACT

A vehicle configuration and activity history tracking system and method. A first vehicle configuration and history blockchain is read from a first node in a vehicle configuration and history blockchain network comprising a plurality of nodes. A second vehicle configuration and history blockchain is read from a second node in the plurality of nodes of the vehicle configuration and history blockchain network. The first vehicle configuration and history blockchain is compared to the second vehicle configuration and history blockchain to determine whether the first vehicle configuration and history blockchain is valid. A new maintenance operation on the vehicle or a new modification of the vehicle is initiated using the first vehicle configuration and history blockchain in response to a determination that the first vehicle configuration and history blockchain is valid.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION 1. Field

The present disclosure relates generally to systems and methods formaintaining, modifying, and tracking the operation of aircraft and othervehicles. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a systemand method for using blockchains for the maintenance, modification, andactivity tracking of aircraft and other vehicles.

2. Background

The current configuration or state of an aircraft comprises a list ofall of the systems and parts currently installed on an aircraft. It isdesirable, and sometimes may be critical, for maintenance personnel toknow the current configuration of an aircraft before performingmaintenance operations on the aircraft or making other modifications ofthe aircraft.

There is not a standardized or uniform approach for tracking the currentconfiguration of an aircraft that is used by airlines and other aircraftoperators. Some airlines and other aircraft operators may take anindividual, self-developed approach to rigorously determine theconfiguration of an aircraft when it is first received and then to trackany changes that made to the aircraft. Other airlines and other aircraftoperators may not make a significant effort to track the currentconfiguration of an aircraft continuously. In this case, the airline orother operator of the aircraft may determine the current configurationof the aircraft by inspecting the aircraft when work is to be performedon the aircraft or when the current configuration of the aircraft needsto be known for some other reason.

A blockchain is a continuously growing list of records, called blocks,which are linked and secured using cryptography. Each block in ablockchain typically contains a cryptographic hash of the previousblock, a timestamp, and transaction data. A blockchain is inherentlyresistant to modification of the data stored in the blockchain. Ablockchain may be used as a decentralized, distributed, and public orprivate permissions based digital ledger for recording transactionsacross many computers. A blockchain is typically managed by apeer-to-peer network collectively adhering to a protocol for validatingnew blocks. Once recorded, the data in any given block cannot be alteredretroactively without the alteration of all subsequent blocks, whichrequires collusion of the blockchain network.

Therefore, there may be a need for a method and apparatus that take intoaccount at least some of the issues discussed above, as well as otherpossible issues.

SUMMARY

In one illustrative embodiment, a vehicle configuration and activityhistory tracking system comprises configuration and activity historytracking software on a data processing system. The configuration andactivity history and tracking software is configured to run on the dataprocessing system to read a first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain stored at a first node in a vehicle configuration and historyblockchain network comprising a plurality of nodes. A second vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain is read from a second node in theplurality of nodes of the vehicle configuration and history blockchainnetwork. The first vehicle configuration and history blockchain iscompared to the second vehicle configuration and history blockchain todetermine whether the first vehicle configuration and history blockchainis valid. Performing a new maintenance operation on the vehicle or a newmodification of the vehicle is initiated using the first vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain in response to a determination thatthe first vehicle configuration and history blockchain is valid.

In another illustrative embodiment, a vehicle configuration and activityhistory tracking system comprises a node in a plurality of nodes of avehicle configuration and history blockchain network. The node isconfigured to receive a request for a vehicle configuration and historyblockchain stored at the node from configuration and activity historytracking software running on a data processing system. The node isconfigured to determine whether the configuration and activity historytracking software running on the data processing system is authorized toaccess the vehicle configuration and history blockchain. Information issent from the vehicle configuration and history blockchain to theconfiguration and activity history tracking software running on the dataprocessing system in response to a determination that the configurationand activity history tracking software running on the data processingsystem is authorized to access the vehicle configuration and historyblockchain.

In another illustrative embodiment, a method of tracking a configurationand an activity history of a vehicle to maintain or modify the vehicleis provided. Configuration and activity history tracking softwarerunning on a data processing system reads a first vehicle configurationand history blockchain stored at a first node in a plurality of nodes ofa vehicle configuration and history blockchain network. Theconfiguration and activity history tracking software running on the dataprocessing system reads a second vehicle configuration and historyblockchain stored at a second node in the plurality of nodes of thevehicle configuration and history blockchain network. The configurationand activity history tracking software running on the data processingsystem compares the first vehicle configuration and history blockchainto the second vehicle configuration and history blockchain to determinewhether the first vehicle configuration and history blockchain is valid.A new maintenance operation on the vehicle or a new modification of thevehicle using the first vehicle configuration and history blockchain isinitiated in response to a determination that the first vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain is valid.

The features and functions can be achieved independently in variousembodiments of the present disclosure or may be combined in yet otherembodiments in which further details can be seen with reference to thefollowing description and drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The novel features believed characteristic of the illustrativeembodiments are set forth in the appended claims. The illustrativeembodiments, however, as well as a preferred mode of use, furtherobjectives, and features thereof, will best be understood by referenceto the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment ofthe present disclosure when read in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is an illustration of a vehicle configuration and activityhistory tracking system in accordance with an illustrative embodiment;

FIG. 2 is an illustration of a flow chart of a process of performing amaintenance operation on a vehicle using information in a vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network in accordance with anillustrative embodiment;

FIG. 3 is an illustration of a flow chart of a process of storinginformation in a vehicle configuration and history blockchain network inaccordance with an illustrative embodiment; and

FIG. 4 is an illustration of a block diagram of a data processing systemin accordance with an illustrative embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The illustrative embodiments recognize and take into account differentconsiderations. For example, the illustrative embodiments recognize andtake into account that the configuration of an aircraft may be known anddocumented when the aircraft is first delivered from an aircraftmanufacturer to an operator of the aircraft. However, after delivery,the current aircraft configuration may not be known with certainty aschanges are made to the aircraft for maintenance, repairs, or upgrades.The reliability of current aircraft configuration information may bequestionable if the record keeping has been inconsistent. If currentaircraft configuration information cannot be relied upon as beingaccurate, maintenance personnel may have to spend time to inspect anaircraft and then research and review the actual parts installed on theaircraft before work is performed on the aircraft.

A related issue may occur when an aircraft is transferred from oneoperator to another. For example, if current aircraft configurationrecords cannot be relied upon, an airline that receives an aircraft fromanother airline may need to perform a significant amount of inspectionwork to confirm the current configuration of the aircraft beingreceived.

Illustrative embodiments provide a blockchain network for aircraftconfiguration and history records. Each node in the blockchain networkmay have a full copy of the aircraft configuration and history recordsfor a number of aircraft.

When a new aircraft is produced, a new blockchain may be created for it.The first block submitted to the blockchain for the aircraft may be alink to a location where information describing the initialconfiguration of the aircraft at delivery of the new aircraft from amanufacturer may be found. Maintenance and repair organizations with theproper permissions are able to submit subsequent blocks to theblockchain network that describe any maintenance operations or othermodifications performed on the aircraft. Whenever a new block is addedto the blockchain for an aircraft it is propagated to all of the nodesin the blockchain network. Each node in the network then adds the newblock to the blockchain for the aircraft maintained by the node.

Maintenance and repair organizations with the proper permissions areable to access the blockchain network and download a full copy of theaircraft configuration and history blockchain for an aircraft in orderto determine the current configuration of the aircraft. Each block inthe blockchain has an encryption key that is based on the previousblocks in the chain, to thereby ensure the veracity of the entireblockchain.

Turning to FIG. 1, an illustration of a vehicle configuration andactivity history tracking system is depicted in accordance with anillustrative embodiment. Vehicle configuration and activity historytracking system 100 is configured to track accurately currentconfiguration 105 of vehicle 102. Vehicle configuration and activityhistory tracking system 100 may be configured to track currentconfiguration 105 of any appropriate number of various types ofvehicles.

For example, without limitation, vehicle configuration and activityhistory tracking system 100 may be an aircraft maintenance and activityhistory tracking system configured to track current configuration 102 ofaircraft 104. Vehicle configuration and activity history tracking system100 may be used to track current configuration 105 of vehicle other thanaircraft 104. In an alternative embodiment, vehicle configuration andactivity history tracking system 100 may be used to track the currentconfiguration of a fixed or moveable platform other than a vehicle.

Aircraft 104 may be any appropriate type of aircraft that may beconfigured to perform any appropriate operation or mission. For example,without limitation, aircraft 104 may be a commercial passenger aircraft,a cargo aircraft, a military aircraft, a personal aviation aircraft orany other appropriate type of aircraft. Aircraft 104 may be a fixed wingaircraft, a rotary wing aircraft, or a lighter-than-air aircraft.Aircraft 104 may be a manned aircraft or an unmanned aircraft.

Vehicle configuration and activity history tracking system 100 comprisesvehicle configuration and history blockchain network 106. Vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network 106 is a blockchain networkthat is set up to store and maintain configuration and historyinformation for a number of vehicles. For example, without limitation,vehicle configuration and history blockchain network 106 may be ablockchain network that is configured to store and maintain aircraftconfiguration and history information for aircraft 104. In this case,vehicle configuration and history blockchain network 106 may be anaircraft configuration and history blockchain network.

Vehicle configuration and history blockchain network 106 comprisesplurality of nodes 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, and 120. Each of theplurality of nodes 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, and 120 of vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network 106 may be controlled by anentity that has agreed to participate in the operation and use ofvehicle configuration and history blockchain network 106 for the purposeof accurately tracking the configuration and operating history ofaircraft or other vehicles over time. Vehicle configuration and historyblockchain network 106 in accordance with an illustrative embodiment mayhave more or fewer nodes than illustrated in FIG. 1. Vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network 106 in accordance with anillustrative embodiment may comprise any appropriate number of nodes.

Each node 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, and 120 in vehicle configurationand history blockchain network 106 may be configured to store a fullcopy of vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122 for a number ofvehicles. A unique vehicle configuration history and blockchain 122 maybe created for each aircraft or other vehicle to be tracked. A copy ofeach individual vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122 may bemaintained at each node 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, and 120 in vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network 106. For example, withoutlimitation, each node 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, and 120 in vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network 106 may be configured tostore a full copy of vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122for aircraft 104. In this case, vehicle configuration and historyblockchain 122 is an aircraft configuration and history blockchain.

Only trusted entity 124 may have permission to access vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network 106 to read from or submittransactions to vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122 for aparticular vehicle. For example, without limitation, trusted entity 124may be the owner of the particular vehicle or another trusted entity.For example, without limitation, an airline or other operator or ownerof aircraft 104 may have permission to read from and submit transactionsto vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122 for aircraft 104.Other trusted entities, such as the manufacturer of aircraft 104, aprovider of maintenance and repair operations for aircraft 104, oranother appropriate entity, also may have permission to read from andsubmit transactions to vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122for aircraft 104. Such other trusted entities may receive the permissionto access vehicle configuration and history blockchain network 122 for aparticular vehicle from the owner of that vehicle.

Trusted entity 124 may use configuration and activity history trackingsoftware 125 to access vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122at one or more nodes 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, and 120 of vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network 106. Configuration andactivity history tracking software 125 may be configured to run on adata processing system to provide various functions for accessingvehicle configuration and history blockchain 122, reading informationfrom vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122, using informationread from vehicle configuration history and blockchain 122, and storingnew information to vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122 invehicle configuration and history blockchain network 106. Configurationand activity history tracking software 125 may be implemented in anyappropriate manner to perform the functions described herein.

First block 130 in vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122 maybe created when vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122 for avehicle is added to vehicle configuration and history blockchain network106. For example, without limitation, vehicle configuration and historyblockchain 122 for aircraft 104 may be added to vehicle configurationand history blockchain network 106 when aircraft 104 is a new aircraftto be delivered from an aircraft manufacturer to an aircraft operator.In this case, first block 130 in vehicle configuration and historyblockchain 122 for aircraft 104 may include record 132 of an initialconfiguration information location where information identifying theinitial configuration of aircraft 104 may be found. The initialconfiguration information available at the initial configurationinformation location may describe both the initial components installedin aircraft 104 and any known defects in aircraft 104 at the end ofproduction of aircraft 104 and before delivery of aircraft 104 from themanufacturer to an operator.

In the case of an active aircraft or other vehicle that is not new beingadded to vehicle configuration and history blockchain network 106, firstblock 130 in vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122 mayinclude record 132 of an initial configuration information locationwhere a known current configuration of aircraft 104 or another vehiclemay be found. In any case, first block 130 may identify the initialconfiguration information location of the known first currentconfiguration state for aircraft 104 or another vehicle recorded invehicle configuration and history blockchain 122.

First block 130 in vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122 maybe created and encrypted 140 using a conventional hash value. Subsequentblocks 142, 144, and 146 in vehicle configuration and history blockchain122 may be created and encrypted 140 using a hash value with each newblock referencing the previous blocks in the vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain 122. As blocks are added to the vehicle configurationand history blockchain 122 the robust nature of the encryption increasesas the encryption of each subsequent block is based on the previousblocks. As a result, it becomes exponentially more difficult tofraudulently change any of blocks 130, 142, 144, or 146 in vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain 122 without being detected.

Trusted entity 124 with the proper permissions to access vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network 106 to provide updates tovehicle configuration and history blockchain 122 for a particularvehicle may be able to submit transaction 148 to vehicle configurationand history blockchain network 106. Each such transaction may includenew information about aircraft 104 or another vehicle. For example,without limitation, such information may include maintenanceinformation, modification information, or activity information.Maintenance information may include information on maintenanceoperations performed on aircraft 104 or another vehicle, such as aninspection of parts, repair of parts, or replacement of parts onaircraft 104 or another vehicle. Modification information may identifychanges to aircraft 104 or another vehicle other than by maintenanceoperations. Activity information may include information identifying theoperating history of aircraft 104 or another vehicle, such as take offsand landings completed.

Any new transaction submitted to vehicle configuration and historyblockchain network 106 is propagated 150 across network 106 to all nodes108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, and 120 in vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain network 106. At each node 108, 110, 112, 114, 116,118, and 120 a new block may be added to the relevant vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain 122 to include the new information147 provided by transaction 148 regarding aircraft 104 or the othervehicle in question.

Trusted entity 124 with the proper permissions to access vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain 122 for aircraft 104 or anotherparticular vehicle will be able to access vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain network 106 and read information 152 from vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain 122 for the particular aircraft 104or other vehicle. First node 130 in vehicle configuration and historyblockchain 122 for aircraft 104 or another particular vehicle providesrecord 132 with the location information for the initial configurationof aircraft 104 or the other vehicle when aircraft 104 or the othervehicle joined the network. Each of subsequent nodes 142, 144, and 146includes record 147 of every subsequent transaction submitted to thevehicle configuration history and blockchain network 106 about aircraft104 or the other vehicle in question. Trusted entity 124 may thusdetermine the current configuration of aircraft 104 or the other vehiclefrom this information.

Data veracity for an individual vehicle configuration and historyblockchain 122 at a particular node in plurality of nodes 108, 110, 112,114, 116, 118, and 120 in vehicle configuration and history blockchainnetwork 106 may be verified by checking the equivalent vehicleconfiguration history and blockchain at other nodes and comparing a hashvalue for the last block. For example, to confirm the veracity of datafrom vehicle configuration and history blockchain 122 obtained from node114, trusted entity 124 may compare the hash value for last block 146 invehicle configuration and history blockchain 122 to the hash value ofthe last blocks in the corresponding vehicle configuration and historyblockchain in other nodes 108, 110, 112, 116, 118, or 120 of vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network 106.

The illustration of vehicle configuration and activity history trackingsystem 100 in FIG. 1 is not meant to imply physical or architecturallimitations to the manner in which illustrative embodiments may beimplemented. Other components, in addition to or in place of the onesillustrated, may be used. Some components may be optional. Also, theblocks are presented to illustrate some functional components. One ormore of these blocks may be combined, divided, or combined and dividedinto different blocks when implemented in an illustrative embodiment.

Turning to FIG. 2, an illustration of a flow chart of a process ofperforming a maintenance operation on a vehicle using information in avehicle configuration and history blockchain network is depicted inaccordance with an illustrative embodiment. For example, withoutlimitation, process 200 may be used to perform a maintenance operationon aircraft 104 or another vehicle using information for aircraft 104 orthe other vehicle in vehicle configuration and history blockchainnetwork 106 in FIG. 1. Process 200 may be performed, for example, byconfiguration and activity history tracking software 125 running on adata processing system in vehicle configuration and activity historytracking system 100 in FIG. 1.

Process 200 may begin with reading information for an aircraft or othervehicle from a first vehicle configuration and history blockchain at afirst node in a plurality of nodes of a vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain network (operation 202). Information for the aircraftor other vehicle from a second vehicle configuration and historyblockchain at a second node in the plurality of nodes of the vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network is also read (operation204). The first vehicle configuration and history blockchain is comparedto the second vehicle configuration and history blockchain (operation206) to determine whether the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain is valid (operation 208). In response to a determination atoperation 208 that the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain is valid, the information in the first vehicle configurationand history blockchain may be used to perform a new maintenanceoperation on the aircraft or other vehicle (operation 210), with theprocess terminating thereafter. For example, without limitation, themaintenance operation performed on the vehicle may include inspecting apart on the vehicle, repairing a part on the vehicle, or any otherappropriate maintenance operation. Operation 210 may include generatinga plan for performing the maintenance operation on the vehicle. Inresponse to a determination at operation 208 that the first vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain is not valid, the process mayterminated without using the information in the first vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain.

Turning to FIG. 3, an illustration of a flow chart of a process ofstoring information in a vehicle configuration and history blockchainnetwork is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. Forexample, without limitation, process 300 may be used to storeinformation regarding maintenance operations performed on aircraft 104or another vehicle, other modifications performed on aircraft 104 oranother vehicle, or operation activity information for aircraft 104 orthe other vehicle in vehicle configuration and history blockchainnetwork 106 in FIG. 1. Process 300 may be performed, for example, byconfiguration and activity history tracking software 125 running on adata processing system in vehicle configuration and activity historytracking system 100 in FIG. 1.

Process 300 may begin with performing a new activity on or by a vehicle(operation 302). For example, without limitation, operation 302 mayinclude performing a new maintenance operation on an aircraft or othervehicle, modifying the aircraft or other vehicle other than by amaintenance operation, or a new operation activity performed by theaircraft or other vehicle. Information identifying the activity then maybe sent to each of a plurality of nodes in a vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain network (operation 304). For example, withoutlimitation, the information sent to the nodes in the vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network may comprise newmaintenance information, new modification information, or new activityinformation. A new block including the new information may then be addedto a vehicle configuration and history blockchain for the aircraft orother vehicle at each of the plurality of nodes in the vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network (operation 306), with theprocess terminating thereafter.

Turning to FIG. 4, an illustration of a block diagram of a dataprocessing system is depicted in accordance with an illustrativeembodiment. Data processing system 400 is an example of one possibleimplementation of a data processing system for performing functions of avehicle configuration and activity history tracking system in accordancewith an illustrative embodiment. For example, without limitation, dataprocessing system 400 is an example of one possible implementation of adata processing system for running configuration and activity historytracking software 125 in vehicle configuration and activity historytracking system 100 in FIG. 1 for performing process 200 in FIG. 2 orprocess 300 in FIG. 3.

In this illustrative example, data processing system 400 includescommunications fabric 402. Communications fabric 402 providescommunications between processor unit 404, memory 406, persistentstorage 408, communications unit 410, input/output (I/O) unit 412, anddisplay 414. Memory 406, persistent storage 408, communications unit410, input/output (I/O) unit 412, and display 414 are examples ofresources accessible by processor unit 404 via communications fabric402.

Processor unit 404 serves to run instructions for software that may beloaded into memory 406. Processor unit 404 may be a number ofprocessors, a multi-processor core, or some other type of processor,depending on the particular implementation. Further, processor unit 404may be implemented using a number of heterogeneous processor systems inwhich a main processor is present with secondary processors on a singlechip. As another illustrative example, processor unit 404 may be asymmetric multi-processor system containing multiple processors of thesame type.

Memory 406 and persistent storage 408 are examples of storage devices416. A storage device is any piece of hardware that is capable ofstoring information, such as, for example, without limitation, data,program code in functional form, and other suitable information eitheron a temporary basis or a permanent basis. Storage devices 416 also maybe referred to as computer readable storage devices in these examples.Memory 406, in these examples, may be, for example, a random accessmemory or any other suitable volatile or non-volatile storage device.Persistent storage 408 may take various forms, depending on theparticular implementation.

For example, persistent storage 408 may contain one or more componentsor devices. For example, persistent storage 408 may be a hard drive, aflash memory, a rewritable optical disk, a rewritable magnetic tape, orsome combination of the above. The media used by persistent storage 408also may be removable. For example, a removable hard drive may be usedfor persistent storage 408.

Communications unit 410, in these examples, provides for communicationswith other data processing systems or devices. In these examples,communications unit 410 is a network interface card. Communications unit410 may provide communications through the use of either or bothphysical and wireless communications links.

Input/output (I/O) unit 412 allows for input and output of data withother devices that may be connected to data processing system 400. Forexample, input/output (I/O) unit 412 may provide a connection for userinput through a keyboard, a mouse, and/or some other suitable inputdevice. Further, input/output (I/O) unit 412 may send output to aprinter. Display 414 provides a mechanism to display information to auser.

Instructions for the operating system, applications, and/or programs maybe located in storage devices 416, which are in communication withprocessor unit 404 through communications fabric 402. In theseillustrative examples, the instructions are in a functional form onpersistent storage 408. These instructions may be loaded into memory 406for execution by processor unit 404. The processes of the differentembodiments may be performed by processor unit 404 usingcomputer-implemented instructions, which may be located in a memory,such as memory 406.

These instructions are referred to as program instructions, programcode, computer usable program code, or computer readable program codethat may be read and executed by a processor in processor unit 404. Theprogram code in the different embodiments may be embodied on differentphysical or computer readable storage media, such as memory 406 orpersistent storage 408.

Program code 418 is located in a functional form on computer readablemedia 420 that is selectively removable and may be loaded onto ortransferred to data processing system 400 for execution by processorunit 404. Program code 418 and computer readable media 920 form computerprogram product 422 in these examples. In one example, computer readablemedia 420 may be computer readable storage media 424 or computerreadable signal media 426.

Computer readable storage media 424 may include, for example, an opticalor magnetic disk that is inserted or placed into a drive or other devicethat is part of persistent storage 408 for transfer onto a storagedevice, such as a hard drive, that is part of persistent storage 408.Computer readable storage media 424 also may take the form of apersistent storage, such as a hard drive, a thumb drive, or a flashmemory, that is connected to data processing system 400. In someinstances, computer readable storage media 424 may not be removable fromdata processing system 400.

In these examples, computer readable storage media 424 is a physical ortangible storage device used to store program code 418 rather than amedium that propagates or transmits program code 418. Computer readablestorage media 424 is also referred to as a computer readable tangiblestorage device or a computer readable physical storage device. In otherwords, computer readable storage media 424 is a media that can betouched by a person.

Alternatively, program code 418 may be transferred to data processingsystem 400 using computer readable signal media 426. Computer readablesignal media 426 may be, for example, a propagated data signalcontaining program code 418. For example, computer readable signal media426 may be an electromagnetic signal, an optical signal, and/or anyother suitable type of signal. These signals may be transmitted overcommunications links, such as wireless communications links, opticalfiber cable, coaxial cable, a wire, and/or any other suitable type ofcommunications link. In other words, the communications link and/or theconnection may be physical or wireless in the illustrative examples.

In some illustrative embodiments, program code 418 may be downloadedover a network to persistent storage 408 from another device or dataprocessing system through computer readable signal media 426 for usewithin data processing system 400. For instance, program code stored ina computer readable storage medium in a server data processing systemmay be downloaded over a network from the server to data processingsystem 400. The data processing system providing program code 418 may bea server computer, a client computer, or some other device capable ofstoring and transmitting program code 418.

The different components illustrated for data processing system 400 arenot meant to provide architectural limitations to the manner in whichdifferent embodiments may be implemented. The different illustrativeembodiments may be implemented in a data processing system includingcomponents in addition to and/or in place of those illustrated for dataprocessing system 400. Other components shown in FIG. 4 can be variedfrom the illustrative examples shown. The different embodiments may beimplemented using any hardware device or system capable of runningprogram code. As one example, data processing system 400 may includeorganic components integrated with inorganic components and/or may becomprised entirely of organic components excluding a human being. Forexample, a storage device may be comprised of an organic semiconductor.

In another illustrative example, processor unit 404 may take the form ofa hardware unit that has circuits that are manufactured or configuredfor a particular use. This type of hardware may perform operationswithout needing program code to be loaded into a memory from a storagedevice to be configured to perform the operations.

For example, when processor unit 404 takes the form of a hardware unit,processor unit 404 may be a circuit system, an application specificintegrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device, or some othersuitable type of hardware configured to perform a number of operations.With a programmable logic device, the device is configured to performthe number of operations. The device may be reconfigured at a later timeor may be permanently configured to perform the number of operations.Examples of programmable logic devices include, for example, aprogrammable logic array, a programmable array logic, a fieldprogrammable logic array, a field programmable gate array, and othersuitable hardware devices. With this type of implementation, programcode 418 may be omitted, because the processes for the differentembodiments are implemented in a hardware unit.

In still another illustrative example, processor unit 404 may beimplemented using a combination of processors found in computers andhardware units. Processor unit 404 may have a number of hardware unitsand a number of processors that are configured to run program code 418.With this depicted example, some of the processes may be implemented inthe number of hardware units, while other processes may be implementedin the number of processors.

In another example, a bus system may be used to implement communicationsfabric 402 and may be comprised of one or more buses, such as a systembus or an input/output bus. Of course, the bus system may be implementedusing any suitable type of architecture that provides for a transfer ofdata between different components or devices attached to the bus system.

Additionally, communications unit 410 may include a number of devicesthat transmit data, receive data, or both transmit and receive data.Communications unit 410 may be, for example, a modem or a networkadapter, two network adapters, or some combination thereof. Further, amemory may be, for example, memory 406, or a cache, such as that foundin an interface and memory controller hub that may be present incommunications fabric 402.

The flowcharts and block diagrams described herein illustrate thearchitecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementationsof systems, methods, and computer program products according to variousillustrative embodiments. In this regard, each block in the flowchartsor block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code,which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing thespecified logical function or functions. It should also be noted that,in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in a block mayoccur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, the functionsof two blocks shown in succession may be executed substantiallyconcurrently, or the functions of the blocks may sometimes be executedin the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved.

The description of the different illustrative embodiments has beenpresented for purposes of illustration and description, and is notintended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments in the formdisclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to thoseof ordinary skill in the art. Further, different illustrativeembodiments may provide different features as compared to otherdesirable embodiments. The embodiment or embodiments selected are chosenand described in order to best explain the principles of theembodiments, the practical application, and to enable others of ordinaryskill in the art to understand the disclosure for various embodimentswith various modifications as are suited to the particular usecontemplated.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computer program product configured to track aconfiguration and an activity history of a vehicle, such that thecomputer program product comprises a non-transitory computer readablestorage medium that comprises program instructions embodied therewith,the program instructions configured for execution by a data processingsystem that comprises a processor configured to: create, at a first nodein a vehicle configuration and history blockchain network that comprisesa plurality of nodes, a first block in a first vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain, such that the first block comprises: a firstencryption; and for a newly produced vehicle, a link to a location thatdescribes an initial configuration of the newly produced vehicle;receive, from a trusted entity that comprises a maintenance or repairorganization, a subsequent block to the first vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain, wherein the subsequent block comprises a secondencryption based upon the first encryption; store a full copy of thefirst vehicle configuration and history blockchain with the subsequentblock to every node in the vehicle configuration and history blockchainnetwork; receive a request, from a second maintenance or repairorganization that holds a permission to access the vehicle configurationand history blockchain network, to download a copy of the first vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain with the subsequent block stored ona second node of the vehicle configuration and history blockchainnetwork; read the first vehicle configuration and history blockchainstored at the first node in the vehicle configuration and historyblockchain network; read a second copy of the vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain for the vehicle stored at the second node in theplurality of nodes of the vehicle configuration and history blockchainnetwork; compare the first vehicle configuration and history blockchainto the second copy of the vehicle configuration and history blockchainto determine whether the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain is valid; and download, responsive to a determination thatthe first vehicle configuration and history blockchain is valid andbased upon the subsequent block in the first vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain, the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain and initiate a new maintenance operation that comprises: arepair or a replacement of a part on the vehicle, a new modification ofthe vehicle, or a new operation performed by the vehicle, based on thefirst vehicle configuration and history blockchain.
 2. The computerprogram product of claim 1, wherein the first vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain and the copy of the first vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain each comprise, respectively, blocks that comprise: atleast one of maintenance information identifying: past maintenanceoperations performed on the vehicle, modification informationidentifying changes to the vehicle other than by maintenance operations,or activity information identifying operation history of the vehicle. 3.The computer program product of claim 2, wherein each of the firstvehicle configuration and history blockchain and the copy of the firstvehicle configuration and history blockchain comprises: subsequentblocks that comprise maintenance information that identifies at leastone of: the past maintenance operations performed on the vehicle, themodification information identifying changes to the vehicle other thanby maintenance operations, or the activity information identifyingoperation history of the vehicle.
 4. The computer program product ofclaim 3, wherein the program instructions cause the processor to performa further method comprising: reading the maintenance information, themodification information, or the activity information from thesubsequent blocks in the first vehicle configuration and history blockchain; and determining a current configuration of the vehicle using theinitial configuration and the maintenance information, the modificationinformation, or the activity information read from the subsequent blocksin the first vehicle configuration and history block chain.
 5. Thecomputer program product of claim 3, wherein: each of the pastmaintenance operations and the new maintenance operation furthercomprises inspecting the part on the vehicle.
 6. The computer programproduct of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of nodes of thevehicle configuration and history blockchain network is controlled by anentity that has agreed to participate in an operation and use of thevehicle configuration and history blockchain network and provide anaccurate track of the configuration and operating history of the vehicleover time.
 7. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein theprogram instructions cause the processor to perform a further methodcomprising: comparing the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain to the copy of the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain by comparing a hash value for a last block in the firstvehicle configuration and history blockchain to a hash value for a lastblock in the copy of the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain; and determining that the first vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain is valid in response to a determination that the hashvalue for the last block in the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain matches the hash value for the last block in the copy of thefirst vehicle configuration and history blockchain.
 8. The computerprogram product of claim 1, wherein the program instructions cause theprocessor to perform a further method comprising sending new informationto the first node in the vehicle configuration and history blockchainnetwork; and the first node in the vehicle configuration and historyblockchain network is configured to: add a new block including the newinformation to the first vehicle configuration and history blockchainstored at the first node in the vehicle configuration and historyblockchain network, and send the new information to the second node inthe vehicle configuration and history blockchain network to add the newblock including the new information to the copy of the first vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain stored at the second node in thevehicle configuration and history blockchain network.
 9. The computerprogram product of claim 1, wherein the vehicle is an aircraft, and thevehicle configuration and history blockchain network is an aircraftconfiguration and history blockchain network.
 10. A vehicleconfiguration and activity history tracking system running on a dataprocessing system that comprises a first node in a plurality of nodes ofa vehicle configuration and history blockchain network configured to:create, at the first node in the vehicle configuration and historyblockchain network, a first block in a first vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain, such that the first block comprises: a firstencryption; and for a newly produced vehicle, a link to a location thatdescribes an initial configuration of the newly produced vehicle;receive, from a trusted entity that comprises a maintenance or repairorganization, a subsequent block to the first vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain, wherein the subsequent block comprises a secondencryption based upon the first encryption; store a full copy of thefirst vehicle configuration and history blockchain with the subsequentblock to every node in the vehicle configuration and history blockchainnetwork; receive a request, from a second maintenance or repairorganization, to download a copy of the first vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain with the subsequent block stored on a second node ofthe vehicle configuration and history blockchain network; determinewhether the second maintenance or repair organization is authorized toaccess the copy of the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain; read the first vehicle configuration and history blockchainstored at the first node in the vehicle configuration and historyblockchain network; read a second copy of the vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain of the vehicle stored at the second node in theplurality of nodes of the vehicle configuration and history blockchainnetwork; send, responsive to a determination that the first vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain is valid and based upon thesubsequent block in the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain, the first vehicle configuration and history blockchaininformation from the vehicle configuration and history blockchain to aconfiguration and activity history tracking software running on a dataprocessing system; and initiate a new maintenance operation thatcomprises a repair or a replacement of a part on the vehicle, a newmodification of the vehicle, or a new operation performed by thevehicle, based on the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain.
 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain is comprised of blocks including atleast one of maintenance information identifying past maintenanceoperations performed on the vehicle, modification informationidentifying changes to the vehicle other than by maintenance operations,or activity information identifying operation history of the vehicle.12. The system of claim 10, wherein each node is configured to: receivenew information from the configuration and activity history trackingsoftware running on the data processing system; add a new blockincluding the new information to the vehicle configuration and historyblockchain stored at the node; and send the new information to anothernode in the plurality of nodes of the vehicle configuration and historyblockchain network to add a new block including the new information tothe vehicle configuration and history blockchain stored at the othernode in the vehicle configuration and history blockchain network.
 13. Amethod of tracking a configuration and an activity history of a vehicleto maintain or modify the vehicle, the method comprising: creating, at afirst node in a vehicle configuration and history blockchain networkcomprising a plurality of nodes, a first block in a first vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain, such that the first blockcomprises, for a newly produced vehicle, a link to a location describingan initial configuration of the newly produced vehicle; encrypting thefirst block with a first encryption; receiving, from a trusted entitycomprising a maintenance or repair organization, a subsequent block tothe first vehicle configuration and history blockchain, the subsequentblock comprising a second encryption based upon the first encryption;storing a full copy of the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain with the subsequent block to every node in the vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network; receiving a request, froma second maintenance or repair organization holding a permission toaccess the vehicle configuration and history blockchain network, todownload a copy of the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain with the subsequent block stored on a second node of thevehicle configuration and history blockchain network; reading, by aconfiguration and activity history tracking software running on a dataprocessing system, the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain stored at the first node in the plurality of nodes of thevehicle configuration and history blockchain network; reading, by theconfiguration and activity history tracking software running on the dataprocessing system, a second vehicle configuration and history blockchainfor the vehicle stored at the second node in the plurality of nodes ofthe vehicle configuration and history blockchain network; comparing, bythe configuration and activity history tracking software running on thedata processing system, the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain to the second vehicle configuration and history blockchain todetermine whether the first vehicle configuration and history blockchainis valid; downloading, responsive to determining that the first vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain is valid and using the subsequentblock in the first vehicle configuration and history blockchain, thefirst vehicle configuration and history blockchain; and initiatingperforming a new maintenance operation comprising a repair or areplacement of a part on the vehicle, or a new modification of thevehicle, or a new operation performed by the vehicle, using the firstvehicle configuration and history blockchain.
 14. The method of claim13, wherein each of the plurality of nodes of the vehicle configurationand history blockchain network is controlled by an entity that hasagreed to participate in an operation and use of the vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain network for accurately tracking theconfiguration and operating history of the vehicle over time.
 15. Themethod of claim 13, wherein the first vehicle configuration and historyblockchain comprises: subsequent blocks, wherein the subsequent blockscomprise maintenance information identifying past maintenance operationsperformed on the vehicle, modification information identifying changesto the vehicle other than by maintenance operations, or activityinformation identifying an operation history of the vehicle.
 16. Themethod of claim 15 further comprising: reading the maintenanceinformation or the activity information from the subsequent blocks inthe first vehicle configuration and history block chain; and determininga current configuration of the vehicle using the initial configurationand the maintenance information or the activity information read fromthe subsequent blocks in the first vehicle configuration and historyblock chain.
 17. The method of claim 15, wherein each of the pastmaintenance operations and the new maintenance operation furthercomprise inspecting the part on the vehicle.
 18. The method of claim 13,wherein comparing the first vehicle configuration and history blockchainto the second vehicle configuration and history blockchain comprisescomparing a hash value for a last block in the first vehicleconfiguration and history blockchain to a hash value for a last block inthe second vehicle configuration and history blockchain.
 19. The methodof claim 13 further comprising sending new maintenance informationidentifying the new maintenance operation performed on the vehicle, newmodification information identifying the new modification of thevehicle, or new activity information identifying the new operation ofthe vehicle to the plurality of nodes in the vehicle configuration andhistory blockchain network.
 20. The method of claim 13, wherein thevehicle is an aircraft and the vehicle configuration and historyblockchain network is an aircraft configuration and history blockchainnetwork.